JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a standard for continuous tone still image compression, file suffix.jpg or.JPEG, is the most commonly used image file format. It mainly adopts the joint encoding method of predictive coding (DPCM), discrete cosine transform (DCT) and entropy coding to remove redundant image and color data. It is a lossy compression format, which can compress the image in a small storage space and cause damage to the image data to a certain extent. In particular, the use of too high compression ratio will reduce the quality of the image recovered after the final decompression, if the pursuit of high-quality images, it is not appropriate to use too high compression ratio.

WebP (pronounced: weppy is an image file format that provides both lossy compression and lossless compression (reversible compression), derived from image encoding format VP8, which is considered to be a sister project of WebM multimedia format, and was developed by Google after purchasing On2 Technologies and released under BSD license terms. The maximum number of pixels supported by WebP is 16383x16383. Lossy compression of WebP only supports 8-bit YUV 4:2:0 format. Lossless compression (reversible compression) of WebP supports VP8L encoding and 8-bit ARGB color space. Both lossy and lossless compression support Alpha transparent channels, ICC color configurations, and XMP interpretation data. WebP has two modes: static and dynamic. Animated WebP (Animated WebP) supports lossy and lossless compression, ICC color configuration, XMP interpretation data, and Alpha transparent channels.

PSD is a dedicated file format for Adobe Photoshop, known as Photoshop Document. PSD format is mainly used to store all layers, channels, paths, masks and other editing information in Photoshop, support RGB and CMYK and other color modes, and can customize the number of colors. This format retains all the original image data, making image editing more flexible and convenient, but the files are usually larger.

BMP format is the standard image file format in the Windows operating system and can be supported by a variety of Windows applications. This format is characterized by rich image information and almost no compression, but it takes up too much disk space.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a bitmap format that adopts lossless compression algorithm and supports the three color schemes of index, grayscale, RGB, and Alpha channels. [5] It was designed to try to replace the GIF and TIFF file formats, while adding some features that the GIF file format does not have. PNG uses a lossless data compression algorithm derived from LZ77, which is generally used in JAVA programs, web pages, or S60 programs due to its high compression ratio and small generated file size. png file has a.png extension

AVIF (AV1 Image File Format) is a web-based image format developed by AOM (Alliance for Open Media) based on the AV1 codec. This is an open source royalty-free image format. AVIF supports full resolution 10 - and 12-bit colors as well as HDR

HEIC is an image format developed by Apple that has been set as the default image storage format since the iOS 11 and macOS High Sierra (10.13) beta. The HEIC format stores images through efficient compression technology, which can ensure image quality while occupying less storage space. Compared with the traditional JPG format, the HEIC format is smaller and the picture quality is more lossless.

PortableDocument Format (PDF) is a file format developed by Adobe Systems for sharing and viewing documents in a way that is independent of the application, hardware, or operating system. PDF documents can contain links and buttons, form fields, audio, video, and business logic, and the layout and format are consistent across devices and operating systems.

JPEG XL (abbreviated JXL) is an image format developed by the Joint Photographic Expert Group (JPEG) as an alternative to the traditional JPEG format. It supports lossy and lossless compression, which can significantly reduce file size while maintaining high quality.